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Countries responsible for more than half of global greenhouse gas emissions have now released their post-2020 climate action plans. How do they stack up, and what impact will they have in reining in warming?

In one of the least aggressive climate action plans of any developed country to date, Japan announced its commitment to reduce its emissions 26 percent below 2013 levels by 2030.

The world’s largest emitter plans to peak its emissions around 2030 and increase its share of non-fossil fuels in energy consumption to around 20 percent by the same year. The country's new climate plan also builds on these commitments with additional announcements on carbon intensity, forests, adaptation and more.

As the world’s largest emitter, an ambitious and comprehensive climate plan from China is critical, both for reducing the country’s impact and for the greater climate action such ambition would inspire internationally.

The Obama administration committed to reduce U.S. emissions 26-28 percent below 2005 levels by 2025. A new WRI study reveals how to achieve that target—and go even further—through existing federal policies and state action.

Canada's just-announced proposal for post-2020 climate action aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30 percent below 2005 levels by 2030, which lags behind proposals by other major developed countries.

Some reports say Japan will set a target to reduce its greenhouse gases 20 percent below 2013 levels by 2030. Research shows that the country can go much further, achieving reductions of 31-37 percent by 2030.

バラク・オバマ大統領と習近平国家主席による気候問題に関する歴史的発表を受け、米中両国は欧州連合と歩調をそろえて温室効果ガス（GHG）の新排出制限にコミットすることとなった。世界の他の国々の合計とほぼ同量のGHGを毎年排出しているこの3つの経済大国によるコミットメントは、重要な意味を持つ。世界がその炭素収支の範囲内に踏みとどまる可能性の存在を示唆するからである。

米国は、温室効果ガス排出結果全般についてコミットしたものの、その達成に向けた具体的道筋は約束しなかった。だが、この提案により、大気浄化法やエネルギー政策法の定める権限を活用するなど、政権が目標達成のために使用する法規制が明確になったことは間違いない。こうした情報を盛り込むことで、提案されたコミットメントの透明性が増し、米国の目標が達成可能で永続性があるという重要なシグナルを国際社会に発する効果が期待される。

Under Russia's new post-2020 climate change commitment, the country could actually increase its emissions 40-50 percent above current levels by 2030.