| Country |
Year Enacted |
Key Features of Reform |
| Bolivia |
1996 |
Ancestral rights of community groups have precedence over forest concessions. Subsequent laws have strengthened community rights. |
|
|
| Brazil |
1988 |
Constitution recognizes ancestral rights over land areas that indigenous groups and former slave communities traditionally occupied. Federal government is responsible for demarcating indigenous reserves on public lands and protecting land rights of indigenous groups. |
|
|
| Colombia |
1991 |
Constitution of 1991 recognizes and outlines a framework for collective territorial rights for indigenous groups and Afro-Colombian traditional communities. |
|
|
| Indonesia |
2000 |
New regulatory process has been recently established by which customary ownership can be recognized. |
|
|
| Mozambique |
1997 |
Titles for customary rights are available. |
|
|
| Philippines |
1997 |
Constitution of 1987 protects ancestral domain rights. Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of 1997 provides legal recognition of ancestral domain rights pursuant to indigenous concepts of ownership. |
|
|
| Tanzania |
1999 |
Customary tenure is given statutory protection whether registered or not. Titles for customary rights are available. |
|
|
| Uganda |
2000 |
2000 draft law currently under revisions. Government is embarking on an ambitious program of devolution to district and local councils. |
|
|
| Source: White and Martin 2002; used with permission, copyright Forest-Trends 2002 |
