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Caribbean coral reef locations classified by coastal development threat (adjusted for management effectiveness) (grid)

Caribbean coral reef locations classified by coastal development threat (adjusted for management effectiveness) (grid) Metadata also available as < p> Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: World Resources Institute
Publication_Date: 2004
Title:
Caribbean coral reef locations classified by coastal development threat (adjusted for management effectiveness) (grid)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Reefs at Risk in the Caribbean
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Washington D.C., United States
Publisher: World Resources Institute
Online_Linkage: <http://reefsatrisk.wri.org>
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Title:
L. Burke and J. Maidens “Reefs at Risk in the Caribbean,” (Washington DC, USA: World Resources Institute, 2004)
Description:
Abstract:
Threats to coral reefs from coastal development was estimated based on distance from cities, ports, airports, and dive tourism centers, as well as population density, population growth, and tourism growth in the area. For reefs inside marine protected areas (MPAs), management effectiveness was included as a factor mitigating threat.
Purpose:
The indicators developed by the Reefs at Risk in the Caribbean project enable detailed comparative analyses of threats to coral reefs on many scales. The Reefs at Risk indicators are a simplification of human activities and complex natural processes.
Supplemental_Information:
The model relies on available data and predicted relationships but cannot capture all aspects of the dynamic interactions between people and coral reefs. The threat indicators gauge current and potential risks associated with human activities. A strength of the analysis lies in its use of regionally consistent data sets to develop regionally consistent indicators of human pressure on coral reefs. However, the model is not perfect, and omissions and other errors in the data sets are inevitable.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: unknown
Currentness_Reference: 2004
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -3206742.724742
East_Bounding_Coordinate: 2609257.275258
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 2346342.523457
South_Bounding_Coordinate: -1497657.476543
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: risk
Theme_Keyword: threat
Theme_Keyword: coral reefs
Theme_Keyword: coastal
Theme_Keyword: development
Place:
Place_Keyword: caribbean
Place_Keyword: central america
Place_Keyword: south america
Place_Keyword: north america
Place_Keyword: insular caribbean
Place_Keyword: gulf of mexico
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Data set is not for use in litigation. While efforts have been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the state of the art, WRI, cannot assume liability for any damages, or misrepresentations, caused by any inaccuracies in the data, or as a result of the data to be used on a particular system. WRI makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: GIS Lab Manager
Contact_Organization: World Resources Institute
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 10 G Street NE Suite 800
City: Washington DC
State_or_Province: District of Columbia
Postal_Code: 20002
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 202 729 7600
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 202 729 7775
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: reefsatrisk@wri.org
Hours_of_Service: 9am - 5pm EST
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Threat level evaluated based on distance from cities, ports, airports, and dive tourism centers. Cities and ports stratified by size. Coastal population density (2000), coastal population growth (1990-2000), and annual tourism growth combined into indicator of population pressure treated as an additional stressor. Thresholds selected for each stressor based on guidance from project collaborators and observations of local damage from coastal development (including sewage discharge). Stressors aggregated into single map layer.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Cities and towns - Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI), World Cities and U.S. Cities, 2002 and <http://www.world-gazetteer.com>
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Ports - National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA), “World Port Index,” 2002.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Airports - NIMA, VMAP, 1997
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Dive centers - United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Caribbean Dive Centers, 2002
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Dive centers - M.D. Spalding, Guide to the Coral Reefs of the Caribbean (Berkeley, USA: University of California Press, 2004)
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Population density - U.S. Dept. of Energy (DOE), LandScan, 2001
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Population growth - ESRI, Administrative Districts, 2002 and <http://www.ciat.cgiar.org>
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Anual tourism growth - Caribbean Tourism Organization (CTO), Caribbean Tourism Statistical Report 2001-2002, 2002
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
MPAs - World Resources Institute, Caribbean Marine Protected Areas, 2004.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Coral reef locations - World Resources Institute, Caribbean Coral Reef Locations, 2004.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Management effectiveness included as mitigating factor for threats inside marine protected areas (MPAs).
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
MPAs - World Resources Institute, Caribbean Marine Protected Areas, 2004.
Process_Step:
Process_Description: The threat layer overlaid on coral reef locations.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Coral reef locations - World Resources Institute, Caribbean Coral Reef Locations, 2004.
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
Row_Count: 7688
Column_Count: 11632
Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Map_Projection_Name: Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area:
Longitude_of_Projection_Center: -76.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Center: 16.000000
False_Easting: 0.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 500.000000
Ordinate_Resolution: 500.000000
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927
Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866
Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.400000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.978698